In the EU, construction contributed 37.1 % of the total in 2020 and was followed by mining and quarrying (23.4 %), manufacturing (10.9 %), waste and water services (10.7 %), and households (9.5 %). The remaining 8.4 % was waste generated from other economic activities, mainly services (4.5 %) and energy (2.3 %).
许多来自采矿和采石以及建筑和拆除的废物被归类为主要矿物废物。2020年在欧盟产生的总废物中，将近三分之二（每位居民64％或3.1吨）是主要的矿物废物。欧盟成员国之间产生的主要矿物废物在总废物中的相对份额差异很大，这可能至少在某种程度上反映出不同的经济结构。通常，那些拥有较高矿产废物股份的欧盟成员国是那些被认为具有相对较大的采矿和采石活动的欧盟成员国，例如芬兰，瑞典和保加利亚，以及/或建筑和拆除活动，例如卢森堡。在这些成员国中，主要矿产废物占产生所有废物的84％至89％。
废物产生，不包括主要的矿物废物
In the EU, 781 million tonnes of waste excluding major mineral waste were generated in 2020, equivalent to 36 % of the total waste generated. When expressed in relation to population size, the EU generated, on average, 1.7 tonnes per inhabitant in 2020, excluding major mineral waste.
在整个欧盟成员国，废物产生不包括主要矿产废物，从爱沙尼亚的每位居民平均6.3吨到2020年在罗马尼亚和马耳他的每个居民不到一吨不到一吨。爱沙尼亚产生的大量废物与能源生产有关基于油页岩。
在2020年，废物和水服务（2.11亿吨），家庭（1.9亿吨）和制造业活动（1.71亿吨）记录了最高水平的废物。随着时间的流逝，他们的发展遵循不同的模式：在2004年至2020年之间，废物和水服务和家庭分别增加了180.4％和12.5％的废物（不包括主要矿物质废物），而生产活动的产生相当大，减少了28.8。％。
危险废物产生
危险废物可能对人类构成风险升高health and to the environment if not managed and disposed of safely. Among the waste generated in the EU in 2020, 95.5 million tonnes (4.4 % of the total) were classified as hazardous waste.
与2010年相比，欧盟在2020年产生了5.1％的危险废物。这是数量的增加到90.8吨增加到9550万吨，2018年的峰值为1.017亿吨。与2018年相比，2018年的下降主要是由于燃烧量减少，因为煤炭，煤炭，可口可乐和燃料的燃烧性较小，燃烧废物较少，而燃烧废物则减少了。油页岩。在2020年，罗马尼亚的危险废物的份额在0.5％，保加利亚为12.0％。在图4所示的非成员国中，土耳其记录了危险废物在全部废物产生中的最高份额（28.5％），其次是北马其顿（28.2％）。黑山（27.6％），塞尔维亚（19.3％）和挪威（13.3％）。
废物处理
In 2020, some 2,029 million tonnes of waste were treated in the EU. This does not include exported waste, but includes the treatment of waste imported into the EU. The reported amounts are therefore not directly comparable with those for waste generation.
从2004年的8.7亿吨增加到40.3％的废物回收，用于回收或焚化的废物量增长了40.3％，达到2020年的12100万吨；结果，这种回收率在全部废物处理中的份额从2004年的45.9％上升到2020年的60.2％。处置废物的数量从2004年的1,027亿吨减少到2020年的8.08亿吨，这是减少21.3％。废物处理中处置的份额从2004年的54.1％下降到2020年的39.8％。
As stated above, in the EU in 2020, more than a half (60.2 %) of the waste was treated in recovery operations: recycling (39.2 % of the total treated waste), backfilling (14.6 %) or energy recovery (6.4 %). The remaining 39.8 % was either landfilled (31.3 %), incinerated without energy recovery (0.5 %) or disposed of otherwise (8.1 %). Significant differences could be observed among the EU Member States regarding the use they made of these various treatment methods. For instance, some Member States had very high recycling rates (Italy, Belgium, Slovakia and Latvia), in others landfill is the prevailing treatment category (Romania, Bulgaria, Finland, Sweden and Greece, see Figure 6).
危险废物处理
In total, 74.3 million tonnes of hazardous waste were treated in the EU in 2020, with more than two thirds of this treated in just four EU Member States, Germany (21.4 million tonnes or 28.5 % of EU total), Bulgaria (13.8 million tonnes or 18.4 %), and France (8.2 million tonnes or 10.9 %) and Sweden (7.0 million tonnes or 9.3 %).
In 2020, 46.8 % of the hazardous waste treated in the EU was recovered: 38.5 % by recycling or backfilling (equivalent to 64 kg per inhabitant) and 8.3 % by energy recovery (14 kg per inhabitant), see Figure 8. The remaining 53.2 % were incinerated without energy recovery (5.9 % or 9.7 kg per inhabitant), landfilled, in other words deposited into or onto land or through land treatment(22.0 % or 36.5 kg per inhabitant) or disposed of by other way (25.3 % or 42.5 kg per inhabitant).
